Meal Plan
For this competency, you maybe asked to evaluate or prepare a whole meal plan for an individual or asked specific questions such as those listed below.
Does the caloric intake meet the individual’s requirement?
Does the protein intake meet the individual’s requirement?
Is the fat intake appropriate for the individual?
Is the individual consuming sufficient quantity of vegetables?
Is the individual consuming sufficient quantity of fruits?
Is the individual consuming sufficient quantity of milk?
Is the visible fat intake appropriate?
Is the salt intake intake appropriate?
Comment on the diet consumed by the individual.
Suggest modifications in the diet.
To evaluate or prepare a meal plan, keep in mind following points
To evaluate or prepare meal plan the student should keep following points in mind pertaining to the individual
Sex
Age or weight
Occupation
Physiological condition
Pathological condition
Additionally they should keep in mind principles of Balanced Diet
50-80% calories can come from carbohydrates
Proteins should give 10-15% of total calories
Fats should contribute not more than 15-30% calories
Saturated fats should contribute not more than 10% of total calories
300 gms of vegetables should be at least consumed
100 gms of fruits should be atleast consumed
Salt intake should be less than 5 gms per day
Visible fat should be as per requirement based on sex and type of work
How much calories do you get from carbohydrates, proteins and fats?
1 gram of carbohydrate gives 4 kcals.
1 gram of protein gives 4 kcals.
1 gram of fat gives 9 kcals.
To know if Proteins contribute to 10-15% of total calories
Add up all the protein content in the meal.
Multiply total protein in grams with 4 to get the calories derived from proteins
To know if Fats contribute to 15-30% of total calories
Add up all the fat content in the meal.
Multiply total fat in grams with 9 to get the calories derived from fats
Question 1: An adult sedentary woman weighing 55 kg consumes 2300 Kcals, 45 g proteins and 45 g fat. Comment on her diet.
Answer
RDA for adult sedentary woman weighing 55 kg is 1660 Kcals, 46 g proteins and 20 g visible fat.
Her diet is excess in calories by 640 kcals and 25 g fat. Her protein intake is less by 1 g.
Question 2: An adult man doing moderately heavy work consumes lot of junk food like farsan, chips and several cups of tea in the day. He only has a proper meal in the night consuming about 300 g cereals, 30 g pulses and 100 gms of vegetables, Comment on his overall diet and vegetable intake.
Answer
RDA for adult moderate work man is 2710.
His diet is deficit in cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruits etc.
Daily amount of vegetables to be consumed is only 100 g which is only 1/3rd of the requisite norm of 300 g per day.
Question 3: Comment on the calorie intake of a 65 kg male with heavy work consuming 50 gms of proteins, 360 gms of carbohydrates and 40 gms of visible fats in his daily diet.
Answer
Calorie requirement = 3470 kcals
45 grams of protein gives 50 g x 4 kcal – 20 kcals
270 grams of carbohydrates gives 360 g x 4 kcals= 1440 kcals
40 grams of fats gives 40 g x 9 kcals= 360 kcals
His total calorie intake is 200+1440+360= 2000 kcals
Caloric intake is deficit by 1470 kcals