Practice Questions 

CM 1.1 - Define and describe the concept of public health.

a) Explain the Public Health approach with examples.

b) Discuss the core functions of Public Health with examples.

c) Public Health

d) Essential services in Public Health

e) In the village A, situated in central India, there is an increase in number of cases with vomiting, abdominal pain, and fever. As a Distict Health Officer how would you manage the situation by applying  the steps of Public Health Approach.

f) Community Medicine

g) Describe the role of Community Medicine Specialists.

h) Differentiate between Clinical Medicine and Community Medicine.

i) Differentiate between Clinical Medicine and Public Health

CM 1.2 - Define health; describe the concept of holistic health including

concept of spiritual health and the relativeness & determinants of

health.

a) Draw the spectrum of health and disease. Explain the spectrum with an example.

b) Spectrum of Health (MUHS-2007-S)

c) Define Health. Discuss the different dimensions of health.

d) Describe the determinants of health with examples.

e) Mental Dimensions of Health (MUHS-2018-S)

f) Mr. X a 45 year old man lost his only son in an accident at the age of 15 years. He was unable to sleep, and would stay awake for several nights. He would keep telling his wife, that their son had called saying he is coming home. He would insist his wife cook their son's favourite food. He started drinking alcohol. He would wake up from his sleep, saying that his was calling out to him to save him. Which health dimension is affected? Explain the signs and symptoms and methods of evaluation to screen for this dimension of health.

CM 1.7 - Enumerate and describe health indicators.

a) Define Health Indicator. Define the characteristics of an ideal indicator. Enumerate different types of health indicators with 3 examples of each.

b) Human Development Index (MUHS-2006-W, 2007-S, 2011-W, 2012-W, 2014-W, 2016-S, 2019-S, 2020-W, 2021-S)

c) Physical Quality of Life Index. 

d) Define Indicator. Enumerate morbidity and mortality indicators. Describe the methods for standardisation of mortality rates. 

e) Differentiate between Rate, Ratio, Proportion with examples.

f) Classify Indicators of health. Write about mortality indicators.(MUHS -2019-W) 

g) Define the terms health and morbidity. Describe in short  andy six indicators of health (MUHS-2003-W)

h) Disability adjusted life years (MUHS-2011-S)

i) Disability Indices (MUHS-2005-W)

j) Health Care Delivery Indicator (MUHS-2018-W)

k) Indicators of Health (MUHS-2009-S)

CM 1.3 - Describe the characteristics of the agent, host and environmental factors in health and disease and the multi-factorial etiology of disease.

a) Explain the 'Web of Causation' concept of disease causation using the example of malnutrition.

Web of causation(MUHS-2018-W)

b) Describe the Triangle of Epidemiology.

c) Define Risk Factor. Explain the concept of risk approach.

d) Describe the agent, host and environmental factors that influence health.

e) Multifactorial causation (MUHS-2019-W)

CM 1.4 - Describe and discuss the natural history of disease.

a) With the help of a diagram, describe the natural history of the disease. 

b) Natural history of Disease (MUHS-2011-S 2012-W)

c) Describe briefly the natural history of disease. Mention the levels of prevention and modes of intervention in relation to natural history.(MUHS-2007-W)

d) Explain the natural history of typhoid disease. 

e) Iceberg phenomenon (MUHS-2004-W, 2015-W, 2017-W, 2023-W)

f) Explain the concept of iceberg phenomenon. Draw a diagram to depict iceberg phenomenon. 

CM 1.5 - Describe the application of interventions at various levels of prevention.

aa) Describe the four levels of prevention and modes of intervention.

b) Describe briefly the natural history of disease. Mention the levels of prevention and modes of intervention in relation to natural history.(MUHS-2007-W)

c) There is rising trend of oral cancers in the country. Tobacco consumption has increased in adolescents. Explain the levels of prevention and modes of intervention that can be applied to tackle the issue of oral cancer.

d) Describe various levels of prevention with suitable examples(MUHS-2006-S) 

e) Levels of Prevention(MUHS-2014-W 2015-S)

f) Modes of Intervention(MUHS-2009-S)

g) Explain with examples the concept of Primordial 'prevention(MUHS-2002-W)/ Primordial Prevention(MUHS-2009-W2010-W 2013-S)

h) Primary Prevention

i) Tertiary Prevention(MUHS-2005-S 2016-S)

j) Differentiate between the terms-Impairment, Disability and Handicap. Explain the types of Rehabilitation under Tertiary Prevention with suitable examples.(MUHS-2017-W)

k) Define Surveillance. Describe the various types of Surveillance. Explain the importance of Surveillance.

l) Discuss Sentinel Surveillance.(MUHS-2012-W)

m) Active Surveillance (MUHS-2011-W)

n) Notification of Disease (MUHS-2010-W)

CM 2.1 - Describe the steps and perform clinico-socio-cultural and demographic assessment of the individual, family and community.

a) Desscribe the steps of performing a survey to collect demographic, socio-economic and socio-cultural practices.

b) Acculturation (MUHS-2006, 2017)

c) Cultural factors in health and disease. (MUHS-2009-W 2013-S 2004-W)

d) Describe the socio-cultural factors affecting health. / Role of Socio-cultural Factors in health and disease (MUHS-2015-W)

e) Define Society and Culture. Write in brief about cultural factors in health and disease (MUHS 2024-W)

CM 2.2 - Describe the sociocultural factors, family (types), its role in health and disease & demonstrate in a simulated environment the correct assessment of socio-economic status.

a) Describe various types of families. Discuss the role of family in health and disease. 

b) Define Family and Describe different family types. Discuss role of family in health and disease. (MUHS-2020-W) 

c) Describe the role of family in health and disease, with examples (MUHS-2003-W 2006-S 2009-W)

d) Enumerate health indicators. Describe role of family in health & disease (MUHS-2001-W)

e) Define the term family. Explain with example the types of family. (MUHS-2002-W)

f) Problem Family (MUHS-2023-W)

g) Family life cycle (MUHS-2006-W)

h) Functions of family (MUHS-2007-S 2015-W 2021-S)

i) Describe various socioeconomic scales used in urban and rural communities.

j) Prasad's social classification  (MUHS 2005-W)

k) Socio-economic status scale  (MUHS 2018-S)

CM 2.3 - Describe and demonstrate in a simulated environment the assessment of barriers to good health and health-seeking behaviour.

a) Enumerate and describe barriers to good health and health seeking behaviour.

CM 2.4 - Describe social psychology, community behaviour and community relationship and their impact on health and disease.

a) Describe social psychology. 

b) Defence mechanisms in human psychology.  (MUHS 2007-S)

c) Role of emotions in health and disease   (MUHS 2003-S)

d) Write note on Dynamics of Social change and its relation with Health. (Winter 22)

e) Primary social relationship  (MUHS 2003-S 2008 W)

f) Qualities of group  (MUHS 2004-W)

g) Define the terms Role, social-controls and social stress. Describe the determinants, steps and role of a doctor in social change.  (MUHS 2003-S)

h) Hospital Sociology  (MUHS 2008-W)

i) Role of medical social worker in community health  (MUHS 2001-W)

j) Differenciation of urban and rural communities  (MUHS 2003-S)

k) Describe community behaviour and and its impact on health and disease 

l) Define the terms community and society. Describe the effects of urbanization.  (MUHS 2002-W)

m) Health hazards of urbanisation  (MUHS 2005-W 2019-S)

n) Kinds of Interview  (MUHS 2019-W)

o) Types of Behaviour  (MUHS 2004-W)) 

p) Ways of motivation  (MUHS 2003-W)

q) Social defense  (MUHS 2014-S 2019-S)

CM 2.5 - Describe poverty and social security measures and their relationship to health and disease.

a) Define poverty. Describe the effect of poverty on health and disease. 

b) Discuss social security measures in India.

c) Human Poverty Index. (MUHS - Winter 22)

CM 3.1 - Describe the health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation and pollution.

a) Define Air pollution. List the sources of air pollution. Enumerate harmful effects of air pollution. Discuss measures to prevent air pollution.

b) Enumerate harmful effects of air pollution  on health. Describe the sources of air pollution and measures to control them.  (MUHS 2002-W)

c) Enumerate the effects of air pollution. Write in brief the prevention and control measures for reducing the same  (MUHS 2005-S)

d) What are the sources and indicators of air pollution ? Describe in brief health hazards due to air pollution and measures to prevent and control air pollution.  (MUHS 2005-W)

e) Define Air Pollution. Describe sources of Air Pollution. Monitoring of Air Pollution. Effects of Air Pullution. Suggest suitable preventive and control measures.  (MUHS 2009-S)

f) Describe the health hazards of air pollution in big cities. Outline briefly the measures to bring down the problem of air pollution.  (MUHS 2011-S)

g) Enumerate the sources of air pollution. Write about the health effects of air pollution and monitoring, prevention and control of air pollution  (MUHS 2014-W)

h) Hazards of air pollution and its prevention.  (MUHS 2016-S)

i) Enumerate the sources of air pollution. Mention the indicators of air pollution. Briefly describe the causative factors of air pollution and suggest measures for control of the same.  (MUHS 2017-W)

j) Indoor air pollution  (MUHS 2019-W)

k) Define sources of air pollution. Enumerate harmful effects of air pollution and write in brief about measures to prevent air pollution.  (MUHS 2020-W)

l) Write note on Air pollution Indicators : Sulphur dioxide, Smoke and Suspended Particles.(Winter 2022)

m) It is the winter season in Delhi, and the city is experiencing severe air pollution. The Air Quality Index(AQI) has reached hazardous levels, with levels of P.M. 2.5 qnd P.M. 10 exceeding safe limits. Schools have been closed, outdoor activiites have been restricted and the government has issued health advisory urging residents especially those with pre-existing respiratory conditions to stay indoors. As a public health official in Delhi, you are taksed with developing strategy to address the current air pollution crisis.(i) what could be the possible sources for such pollution.(ii) What strategies will you adopt to curb such pollution(MUHS 2024-W)

CM 3.1 - Describe the health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation and pollution.

a) Describe the effects of noise pollution. Discuss measures to control noise pollution.

b) Effects of noise exposure / Hazards of Noise  (MUHS 2009-S

2010-W)

c) Enumerate the sources of noise and the effects of noise exposure. 

d) Explain the measures for control of noise pollution.  (MUHS 2018-S)

CM 3.1 - Describe the health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation and pollution.

a) Radiation hazards

b) Biological effects of radiation  (MUHS 2021-S)

c) Radiation hazards  (MUHS 2013-W 2013-S 2007-W 2015-S)

CM 3.1 - Describe the health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation and pollution.

a) Heat exhaustion  (MUHS 2001-W)

b) Heat stroke  (MUHS 2006-W,  2009-W)

c) Indices of thermal comfort.  (MUHS 2007-W, 2015-W, 2017-W)

d) Heat stress indices  (MUHS 2019-W)

e) Write note on Heat stress Indices. What are the effects of heat stress on health, describe in brief.(Winter 2023)

f) Effect of climate change on health  (MUHS 2011-W)

g) Nonconventional sources of energy  (MUHS 2003-W)

CM 3.1 - Describe the health hazards of air, water, noise, radiation and pollution.

a) Enumerate sources of water pollution. Describe the health hazards of water pollution.

CM 3.2 - Describe concepts of safe and wholesome water, sanitary sources of water, water purification processes, water quality standards, concepts of water conservation and rainwater harvesting.

a) Describe drinking water quality & standards.  (MUHS 2008-W, 2008-S)

b) Define safe and wholesome water. Describe methods of water purification on small scale.

c) Define safe and wholesome water. Enumerate water borne diseases. Describe water purification on a large scale.  (MUHS 2010-W)

d) Describe the method of water purification in urban area  (MUHS 2012-W)

e) What is safe and wholesome water ?Compare the quality of water from various ground water sources. Describe in brief methods of purification of water on domestic scale.  (MUHS 2006-W)

f) Sanitary Well

g) Jal-Jeevan Mission 

h) Break point chlorination  (MUHS 2019-W)

i) Orthotoludine test.  (MUHS 2008-W, 2002-W)

j) Presumptive Coliform test  (MUHS 2011-S 2012-W)

k) Sanitary well 

l) Pre-requisites of sanitary well  (MUHS 2009-W, 2003-S)

m) Steps in disinfection of well.  (MUHS 2007-S)

n) Slow Sand Filtration  (MUHS 2011-W)

CM 3.3 - Describe the aetiology and basis of waterborne diseases/ jaundice/hepatitis/ diarrheal diseases

a) Enumerate waterborne diseases. Describe the epidemiology, management, prevention and control of diarrhoeal diseases.

b) Waterborne diseases  (MUHS )

c) What do you mean by Safe and Wholesone H20. Enumerate Water Borne Diseaes. Purifcation of H20 on small scale in detail  (MUHS 2015-S)

d) What is safe and wholesome water. Classify water related diseases. 

e) Write in brief about purification of water on a small scale  (MUHS 2019-W)

f) Enlist water borne diseases (viral and bacterial).  (MUHS 2005-S)

CM 3.4 - Describe the concept of solid waste, human excreta and sewage disposal.

a) Sanitation barrier  (MUHS 2018-S, 2013-S, 2011-W, 2019-W)

b) What is sanitation barrier ? Draw a neat diagram for the same.Explain how it helps in the prevention of diseases, with suitable examples.  (MUHS 2009-S)

c) Sewage Treatment 

d) Septic Tank  (MUHS 2012-W)

e) Soakage pit  (MUHS 2001-W, 2005-W)

f) Describe the disposal of solid waste.

g) Write down in detail about disposal of solid waste in urban areas  (MUHS 2014-S)

h) Biogas plant  (MUHS 2004-W)

i) Composting  (MUHS 2019-W)

j) Health hazards of improper solid waste disposal (Non hospital)  (MUHS 2005-S)

k) Oxidation pond  (MUHS 2001-W, 2014-W)

CM 3.5 - Describe the standards of housing and the effect of housing on health.

a) Enumerate the Housing Standards. Discuss the effect of housing on health.

b) Effect of poor housing on health  (MUHS 2006-W)

c) Housing and Health  (MUHS 2007-S)

d) Overcrowding  (MUHS 2009-S)

e) Standards of ventillation  (MUHS 2018-W)

CM 3.6 - Describe the role of vectors in the causation of diseases. Also discuss the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme.

a) a) Enumerate the diseases covered under the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme. Discuss briefly the salient features of NVBDCP.

b) Discuss role of vectors in causation of diseases.

c) Integrated Vector Control Measures

d) Discuss the strategies for control of Malaria in India.

e) Surveillance in Malaria

f) Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever

CM 3.7 - Identify and describe the identifying features and life cycles of vectors of Public Health importance and their control measures.

a) Describe the identifying features and life cycle of Anopheles mosquito.

b) Compare and Contrast the identifying features and life cycle of Anopheles and Aedes mosquito

c) Aedes mosquitoes  (MUHS 2001-W)

d) Control of mosquito nuisance  (MUHS 2003-W)

e) Control of houseflies  (MUHS 2018-S)

CM 3.8 - Describe the mode of action, and application cycle of commonly used insecticides and rodenticides.

a) DDT. Enlist the toxic effects of D.D.T. on man. Mention the full name of the chemical.  (MUHS 2011-S, 2002-W)

b) Toxicity of insecticides.  (MUHS 2008-W)

c) Describe mode of action, application cycle of commonly used Insecticides.

d) Describe mode of action, application cycle of commonly used Rodenticides.

e) Anti-rodent measures  (MUHS 2021-S, 2022-W)

f) Control of rodents  (MUHS 2015-S)

g) Toxicity of Organochlorine compounds (Winter 2023)

CM 1.6 - Describe and discuss the concepts, the principles of Health promotion and Education, IEC and Behavioral change communication (BCC).

a) Principles of Health Education (2010-W, 2018-W, 2019-S, 2022-W)

b) What are the principles of Health Education. Explain different methods of health communications  (MUHS 2021-S)

c) Define health education and discuss aims and objectives, approaches to health education and principles of health education(MUHS-2011-W, 2013-W, 2014-W)

d) Define Health Education. Discuss the approaches and models of health education.(MUHS-2017-W)

e) Differentiate between Behaviour Change communication and Information Education and Communication with the help of an example. Discuss the steps of behaviour change.

f) Behaviour Change communication (MUHS-2011-S)

g) A university aims to ensure that its campus is tobacco free. Explain which approach and model of health education should be adopted by the University. 

h) Define Health Education. Identify opportunities for giving health education. Compare and contrast health education and propoganda (MUHS-2004-W)

i) Difference in health education and propoganda(MUHS-2002-W)/ Differentaite between Health Education and Health Propaganda with examples, wherever necessary(MUHS 2024-W)

j) Enumerate the different methods in health communication. Describe the approaches of health communication(MUHS-2014-S)

j) Communication in Health  (MUHS 2001-W)

k) Models of Health Education (MUHS-2009-W)

l) The health education regarding compulsory use of mask in Covid-19 pandemic was done to create awareness in the community.

Comment on this approach of health education.

Describe the four approaches of health education with suitable example.(MUHS 2023-W)

CM 1.9 - Demonstrate the role of effective communication skills in health in a simulated environment.

a) Describe the communication Process. Draw a diagram to depict the communication process.

b) Communication Process (MUHS-2014-W)

c) Discuss Barriers of Communication.Barriers in communication.  (MUHS 2006-W, 2009-S, 2011-S,  2015-S, 2017-W)

d) Discuss how verbal and non-verbal communication skills can affect a doctor patient communication.

e) You have been asked to give a health talk in the PNC ward regarding breastfeeding. Discuss the likely barriers of communication.

f) Importance and Components of Communication (MUHS-2003-W)

g) Functions of health communication (MUHS-2008-W, 2011-W, 2016-S)

h) Draw a diagram of communications process. Enumerate the various types of communication.Write about cultural barriers in communication (MUHS-2002-W)

i) Communication in Health (MUHS-2001-W)

CM 1.10 - Demonstrate the important aspects of the doctor-patient relationship in a simulated environment.

a) Describe the important aspects  for  maintaining a healthy doctor patient relationship.

b) Doctor-patient relationship  (MUHS 2006-W 2010-W 2014-W 2016-S)

c) Write briefly on Doctor Patient relationships. Discuss Consumer Protection Act in relation to medical services  (MUHS 2018-W)

CM 4.1 - Describe various methods of health education with their advantages and limitations.

a) Discuss the various methods of health education. Which of these methods would be best for health education on Mpox?Why?

b) Describe the teaching aids that can be used during health education.

c) Describe the various methods in health communication(MUHS-2019-S)

d) Methods in health communication  (MUHS 2007-S)

e) Role Play   (MUHS 2005-W)

f) Symposium and Workshops  (MUHS 2018-W)

g) Demonstration  (MUHS 2012-W, 2019-W)

h) Limitations of group discussion.  (MUHS 2016-W)

i) Mass media-limitation and Potential.  (MUHS 2016-W)

CM 4.2 - Describe the methods of organizing health promotion and education and counselling activities at individual family and community settings.

a) Describe the steps in planning an health education programme on Malaria.

CM 4.3 - Demonstrate and describe the steps in the evaluation of health promotion and education programme.

a) Describe the steps in evaluation of health education programme.

b) Define Evaluation. Discuss the different types of evaluation.

CM 6.1 - Formulate a research question for a study.

a) Discuss the different types of Research Question with examples. Describe the PICOT and FINER criteria of Reasearch.

b) Null and alternate hypothesis in tests of significance  (MUHS 2008-W

2010-W)

CM 7.1 - Define Epidemiology and describe and enumerate the principles, concepts and uses.

a) Define Epidemiology. Describe the epidemiology approach. Discuss the uses of epidemiology.

b) Define epidemiology. Enumerate basic measurements in epidemiology.State uses of epidemiology  (MUHS 2016-S)

c) Uses of Epidemiology  (MUHS 2006-S, 2015-S)

CM 7.6 - Enumerate and evaluate the need of screening tests.

a) Define screening. Describe the criteria that a disease to be screened and the test for screening should fulfil.

b) Criteria for screening of a disease/Criteria of screening  (MUHS 2003-W, 2014-W, 2016-S)

c) Describe evaluation of the screening tests./ Evaluation of Sreening Test  (MUHS 2008-W

2015-S)

d) Explain the concept of lead time. Mention types of screening. Explain the method for evaluating a screening test in detail.  (MUHS 2018-S)

e) Concept of lead time  (MUHS 2018-W)/Lead Time in Screening (MUHS-Winter 2023)

f) Explain the concept of lead time with appropriate diagram.(3)

g) Write a note on types and uses of screening.(4)

h) Explain.Acceptability, Repeatability and Validity characteristics of Screening Test. Explain relation of Observer's variation and Biological Variation with Screening Test. (MUHS-Winter 2022)

i) Sensitivity  (MUHS 2006-S)

j) Validity of the screening test  (MUHS 2006-W,  2020-W, 2021-S)

CM 7.2 - Enumerate, describe and discuss the modes of transmission and measures for prevention and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

a) Generation time  (MUHS 2014-S 2019-S)

b) Extrinsic incubation period  (MUHS 2001-W, 2006-W)

c) Herd immunity  (MUHS 2001-W, 2009-S, 2020-W)

d) Modes of transmission of arthropod borne diseases  (MUHS 2019-S)

e) Biological transmission/Biological transmission in arthropod-borne diseases/Biological vectorborne transmission  (MUHS 2003-W, 2005-S, 2006-S)

f) Secondary attack rate  (MUHS 2005-S)

g) Carriers/Significance of carriers  (MUHS 2003-S, 2007-W)

h) Chemoprophylaxis  (MUHS 2017-W)/ What is chemoprophylaxis ? Give three examples  (MUHS 2002-W)

i) Disinfection/Types of Disnfection  (MUHS 2003-W, 2011-W, 2012-W)

j) Factors affecting efficacy of sterilisation  (MUHS 2018-W)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

TUBERCULOSIS

a) A 45 year old auto rickshaw driver reported to general OPD with chief complaints of cough with expectoration, evening rise fever since a month and blood in the sputum since last 2 weeks. He is suspected for Tb and his further workup was scheduled. (i) Draw a diagnostic algorithm for pulmonary tuberculosis as National TB Elimination PRogramme(NTEP) (ii) Write a note on pre-treatment counselling and evaluation for such patients. iii) Add a note on TB in HIV with respect to epidemiological impact, diagnosis and treatment. (MUHS 2024-W)

b) Describe the epidemiology and prevention and control of tuberculosis in India.  (MUHS 2003-W)

c) Enumerate important epidemiological indices to measure the problem of tuberculosis. Describe in brief diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and different regiments recommended in RNTCP  (MUHS 2005-W)

d) Enumerate important epidemiological indices to measure the problem of tuberculosis.

e) Describe the salient features of National TB Elimination Programme.

f) Explain the causes of Drug Resistance TB. Define the different types of drug resistance.

g) MDR-TB and DOTS plus  (MUHS 2009-W)/Multi-Drug treatment   (MUHS 2006-S).

h) Multidrug resistant tuberculosis  (MUHS 2013-W 2017-W)

i) Antimicroboal resistance.  (MUHS 2016-S)

j) TB-HIV Coinfection.  (MUHS 2015-W)

k) Discuss role of Chemoprophylaxis in TB.

l) Compare the clinical presentation of TB in a HIV positive and HIV negative person.

m) False negative results of sputum smear microscopy  (MUHS 2018-W)

n) Utility of tuberculin test in public health  (MUHS 2003-S)

o) Functions of District TB Officer  (MUHS 2007-W)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

FOOD POSISONING

a) Define food poisoning, and state causative organisms. How will you investigate a food poisoning episode in a college hostel?(MUHS 2019-S)

b) Describe in brief various bacterial food poisonings. Suggest the steps for investigating food poisoning and state preventive and control measures for it.  (MUHS 2006-W)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

RABIES

a) Post-exposure prophylaxis in Rabies.

b) Control of Rabies in dogs  (MUHS 2018-S)

c) Abbreviated intramuscular Regime of Anti-Rabies Vaccines  (MUHS 2008-W)

d) Antirabies vaccines  (MUHS 2003-W)

e) Post exposure prophylaxis in rabies  (MUHS 2004-W)

f) Post expsoure prophylaxis in animal bites  (MUHS 2013-W)

g) Pre-exposure prophylaxis for Rabies  (MUHS 2020-W)

h) Yellow Fever Vaccine  (MUHS 2017-W, 2021-S)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

MALARIA

a) Describe the role of integrated vector control in prevention strategies for common vector borne diseases in India like Malaria  (MUHS 2009-W)

b) Enumerate the vector borne diseases. Describe the integrated vector control strategy.  (MUHS 2013-W)

c) Integrated vector control  (MUHS 2007-W)

d) Space sprays against mosquitoes  (MUHS 2017-W)

e) Biological transmission of vector borne disease.

f) Describe the epidemiology of Malaria. What measures are implemented in India for prevention and control of this disease ?What measure are implmented for international travellers ?  (MUHS 2009 - S)

g) Describe the epidemiology, prevention and control of malaria in India  (MUHS 2013-S)

h) Urban Malaria

i) Treatment of Malaria

j) Prevention and Control of Malaria under NSP

k) Epidemiology of Malaria

l) Diagnostic tests for Malaria

m) Clinical Presentation of Malaria

n) Chemoprophylaxis for Malaria

o) Describe in brief approaches and strategies of malaria control.  (MUHS 2007-S, 2014-W)

p) Describe the National Strategic Plan - Malaria

q) Describe the salient features of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme.

r) Active surveillance under National Malaria Eradication Programme  (MUHS MUHS 2002-Winter)

s) Passive surveillance in National Malaria Eradication Programme  (MUHS MUHS 2003-Summer)

t) Surveillance in Malaria  (MUHS MUHS 2006-Winter)

u) Indicators of Malaria Control Programme.

v) Enumerate diseases covered under National Vector Borne Disease control programme. Describe malarial control strategies under strategic action plan for  malarial control in India.  (MUHS MUHS 2015-Winter)

w) Insecticide treated bednets for Malaria control  (MUHS MUHS 2009-Winter)

x) Prevention and Control of Malaria in Urban areas

y) Urban Malaria Scheme  (MUHS MUHS 2019-Winter)  

z)  Radical Treatment of Plasmodium Vivax as advised in national programme  (MUHS 2007-W)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

HIV-AIDS

a) Discuss the epidemiology of HIV-AIDS in India. Explain the strategies for prevention and control of HIV-AIDS in India  (MUHS 2013-W)

b) Describe the strategies of National AIDS Control Programme.

c) Salient Features of National AIDS Control Programme  (MUHS 2001-W)

d) Transmission of AIDS  (MUHS 2010-W)

e) Write a short answer on Integrated Counseling and Testing Center (ICTC).  (MUHS 2016-S)

f) Targetted Intervention Programme.

g) HIV sentinel surveillance  (MUHS 2007-W)

h) Mother to child transmission  (MUHS 2006-S)

i) Nevirapine  (MUHS 2013-S)

j) Organizational setup of National AIDS Control Programme  (MUHS 2003-S)

k) Post exposure prohylaxis in HIV-AIDS (new guideline )  (MUHS 2003-S 2013-W)

CM 8.1 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for communicable diseases. 

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Enumerate six Emerging and Remerging diseases(MUHS-W-22). 

b) Describe epidemiology, prevention and control of Zika virus.

c) Describe epidemiology, prevention and control of Mpox.

d) Control and Prevention of Ebola Virus disease  (MUHS 2019-S)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension,Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Describe the characteristic features of non-commmunicable diseases. Discuss the risk factors of non-communicable disease.

b) Enlist the traditional forms of tobacco use  (MUHS 2003-S)

c) Tobacco control legislations  (MUHS 2014-S)

d) Describe the national programme for Non-Communicable Disease.

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) A 48-year-old male, a chain smoker, and taxi driver by profession developed severe headache and vomiting. When he was at work, he chose to eat street junk food. His mother had a history of hypertension. On examination, his blood pressure was 170/110 mm of Hg in the left arm sitting position.  Discuss the laboratory investigation that you would advise the patient. Describe the risk factors for raised blood pressure. Explain the prevention and control measures for hypertension.

b) Enlist the modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in causation of hypertension.

c) Explain the 'rule of halves' in hypertension.  (MUHS 2002-W)

d) Tracking of blood pressure  (MUHS 2007-S)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension,Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Coronary risk factors  (MUHS 2001-W)

b) Describe the epidemiology of coronary heart diseases in India. Write in brief about the prevention of coronary heart diseases in India.  (MUHS 2017-W)

c) Discuss epidemiology and Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. Write briefly on Stanford-Three-Community Study.  (MUHS 2018-W)

d) Magnitude of problem, risk factors and prevention of Coronary Heart Disease.  (MUHS 2015-S)

e) Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease  (MUHS 2014-S, 2019-W)

f) Write in brief about the strategies for prevention of coronary heart disease in India.  (MUHS 2005-S)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) During a routine health checkup, a female patient aged 55 years was found to have a FPG of 160 mg/dl and PPG of 350 mg/dl. The physician diagnosed the individual as diabetic. Explain with the help of a flow chart the pharmacotherapy for the patient. Discuss the non-pharmacological advise for the patient.

b) Discuss the epidemiology and interventions for prevention and care in diabetes mellitus  (MUHS 2013-W)

c) Prevention of diabetes  (MUHS 2001-W)

d) Risk Factors of Diabetes Mellitus  (MUHS 2015-S)

e) Role of screening for diabetes  (MUHS 2018-S)

f) Write a short note on non-pharmacological management of Diabetes.

g) A 40 year old male is diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus 2 years back. Currently he is complaining of tingling numbness in lower extremities and his blood sugar levels are very high.

Give advice to this patient regarding diabetic foot care.

Decribe epidemiological determinants of Diabetes Mellitus.(MUHS 2023-W)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Assessment of Obesity  (MUHS 2013-S)

b) Define Obesity. Describe epidemiology of obesity. Describe its assessment/methods of measurement of Obesity. Describe prevention and control in the India community  (MUHS 2004-W, 2011-S, 2021-S)

c) Describe the epidemiology of obesity and discuss prevention and control of obesity  (MUHS 2012-W)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension,Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programmes including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Discuss the warning signs of cancer. Describe the epidemiology, prevention and control of breast cancer in India 

b) Discuss the importance of population and hospital based cancer registry.

c) Cancer registry.  (MUHS 2015-S)

d) Describe epidemiology of cancers prevalent in India. Outline control measures for the same  (MUHS 2007-S)

e) Describe the aetiology and approaches for the prevention and control of cancer.  (MUHS 2006-W)

f) HPV vaccine.  (MUHS 2009-W)

g) Multifactorial aetiology of Cancers.  (MUHS 2015-W)

h) Prevention for Cancer Cervix  (MUHS 2011-W)

i) Prevention of cancer.  (MUHS 2016-S)

j) Primary Prevention of Cancer  (MUHS 2011-S

2012-W)

k) Screening for breast cancer  (MUHS 2005-W, 2014-W)

l) Self examination of the breast - screening method for cancer breast.  (MUHS 2005-S)

m) Warning signs of cancer  (MUHS 2004-W, 2021-S)

n) Discuss the causes of cancer. Prepare a checklist of warning signs of cancer to detect high risk individual for cancer.(MUHS 2023)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension,Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programs including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Describe the national programme for control of blindness and visual impairment.

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programs including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Jone's criteria in acute rheumatic fever  (MUHS 2003-W)

b) Describe the epidemiology, prevention and control of Rheumatic Heart Disease in India  (MUHS 2013-S)

CM 8.2 - Describe and discuss the epidemiological and control measures including the use of essential laboratory tests at the primary care level for Non Communicable diseases (Diabetes, Hypertension, Stroke, obesity and cancer etc.)

CM 8.3 - Enumerate and describe disease-specific National Health Programs including their prevention and treatment of a case.

a) Accident Prevention  (MUHS 2006-S)

b) Define accident. What are different types of accident. Describe prevention and control of 'Road Traffic Accidents'.  (MUHS 2007-W, 2010-W)

c) Enumerate the types of accidents Mention the risk factors of road traffic accidents and prevention  (MUHS 2016-S)

d) Define Accident. Enumerate different types of accidents and describe briefly the risk factors of road traffic accidents.Outline the preventive measures of road traffic accidents (MUHS 2024-W)

CM 1.8 - Describe the Demographic profile of India and discuss its impact on health.

a) Enumerate the demographic Indicators. Describe the demographic profile of India. Discuss the impact of the demographic profile on health.

CM 7.3 - Enumerate, describe and discuss the sources of epidemiological data.

a) Enumerate the sources of epidemiological Data. Describe the system of Vital Statistics Registration.

CM 9.7 - Enumerate the sources of vital statistics including census, SRS,

NFHS, NSSO etc.

a) Census of India/Population Census  (MUHS 2018-S,  2020-W)National 

b) Family Health Survey.

c) Sample Registration System

CM 8.7 - Describe the principles of management of information systems.

a) Define Health Information System. Describe the principles of management of Information Systems. 

b) Health information system  (MUHS 2009-S)

CM 9.6 - Describe the National Population Policy.

a) Describe the National Population Policy./ National Population Policy 2000  (MUHS 2001-W, 2009-W)

CM 10.1 (MATERNAL HEALTH) - Describe the current status of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health.

a) Define perinatal mortality. Enlist the causes of perinatal mortality. Discuss the preventive and Social measures to prevent perinatal mortality (Winter 22)

b) A primigravida women aged 20 years delivered at home by local dai. She started complaining of high grade fever with foul smelling vaginal discharge within 3 days of delivery. The symptoms worsened and progressed with pain in lower abdomen and increased pulse rate in next two days. She was admitted in a rural hospital, where her health further deteriorated and she died.(i)Identify factors that led to her death.(ii) Describe the complications in postnatal period. (iii) Describe the prevention and control measures to reduce maternal deaths in India (Winter 2023)

c) Enumerate the indicators of Maternal and Child Health Care  (MUHS 2014-S)

d) Define Maternal Mortality Rate.  What are the various causes of maternal mortality.  Discuss preventive and social measures for the same  (MUHS 2019-S)

e) Define maternal death. Enumerate the causes for maternal death. Describe the measures to prevent maternal death./ Define the term Maternal Mortality Rate. Enumerate causes for Maternal Mortality in our country. Describe briefly the mesures for reducing MMR(MUHS 2024-W)

f) Define Maternal Mortality Rate. Enumerate various causes of high maternal mortality. Give preventive measures  (MUHS 2003-W)

g) Enlist causes of maternal mortality  (MUHS 2003-S)

h) Enumerate commonly used mortality indicators of MCH. Describe the measures to be taken to lower maternal mortality rate.  (MUHS 2005-S)

i) Maternal mortality.  (MUHS 2015-S)

j) What are the important causes of maternal deaths in India. How will you prevent and control maternal deaths to ensure safe motherhood  (MUHS 2001-W)

CM 10.1 (CHILD HEALTH) - Describe the current status of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health.

a) Define Infant mortality rate. Enumerate different causes of Infant mortality in India. Describe in brief control measures for infant mortality/Explain its prevention and control/Measures for reduction of IMR in rural India.  (MUHS 2004-W, 2008-W, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2018-W)

b) Define perinatal mortality. Enlist the causes of perinatal mortality. Discuss the preventive and Social measures to prevent perinatal mortality (MUHS 2022-W), 2011-S, 2020-W) / Define Perinatal Mortality. Describe in detail various social and biological factors associated with it. What are the measures for itsprevention?  (MUHS 2018-S) 

c) Perinatal Mortality rate  (MUHS 2013-S, 2015-W)

d) Define neonatal mortality rate. Enumerate the medical causes and suggest intervention measures for reducing the same.  (MUHS 2005-W)

e) Describe epidemiology, prevention and control of Low Birth Weight in India.  (MUHS 2016-W)

f) A newborn baby weights 2.49 kg, when it was measured within one hour of birth.  Comment on the birth weight of this newborn. Discuss the causes of low birth weight baby. Add a note on Kangaroo Mother Care.(MUHS 2023-W)

CM 10.8 - Describe the physiology, clinical management and principles of adolescent health including ARSH.

a) What are the common health problems of adolescents ? What measurse can be taken to minimize these problems ?  (MUHS 2016-S)

b) Enumerate the common health problems of adolescents? Describe the role of Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics.

c) Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram.

CM 12.1 - Define and describe the concept of Geriatric services.

a) Explain the concept of Geriatric Services.

b) Write in brief about life style and healthy ageing.  (MUHS 2016-S)

CM 11.1 - Enumerate and describe the presenting features of patients with occupational illness including agriculture.

a) Enumerate and describe various types of pneumoconiosis. 

b) Define Pneumoconiosis. Write name of Industries and causes related to Bagassosis, Byssinosis, Anthracosis, Silicosis, Asbestosis & Farmer's / Lung.(Winter 2022)

c) Anthracosis  (MUHS 2020-W)

d) Bagassosis  (MUHS 2005-S 2006-W 2010-W)

e) Classify pneumoconiosis. Discuss the epidemiology of asbestosis and explain the preventive measures against the same.  (MUHS 2017-W)

f) Classify pneumoconiosis. List the preventive measures against occupational diseases  (MUHS 2013-S)

g) Define pneumoconiosis. Classify various types of pneumoconiosis commonly seen in India. Describe silicosis in brief  (MUHS 2011-W)

h) Define pneumonconiosis and write about epidemiology, prevention and control of silicosiss  (MUHS 2014-S)

i) Pneumoconiosis  (MUHS 2019-S)

j) Silicosis  (MUHS 2011-S)

k) Describe health hazards of agricultural workers. 

l) Enumerate the Occupational Hazards of Agricultural workers. Describe X-ray picture in silicosis, anthracosis and asbestosis  (MUHS 2003-S)

m) Farmers Lung.  (MUHS 2007-W)

n) Health hazards for agriculture workers.  (MUHS 2018-S 2016-W 2009-S)

o)Occupational health hazards in agricultural workers  (MUHS 2021-S)

p) Ill effects of noise in a factory  (MUHS 2006-S)

q) Health Problems due to Industrialisation  (MUHS 2009-W 2004-W 2003-W)

r) Sickness absenteeism  (MUHS 2017-W, 2016-S, 2013-W, 2012-W, 2011-W, 2010-W , 2006-W )

s) Occupational Cancers  (MUHS 2004-W)

CM 13.1 - Define and describe the concept of Disaster management.

a) Define Disaster. Enumerate examples of Natural Disasters. Discuss the impact of natural disasters.

b) Define Disaster. Enumerate different types of disasters. Describe disaster preparedness  (MUHS 2006-S)

CM 14.1 - Define and classify hospital waste

a) Define biomedical waste. Classify the type of hospital waste .State the health hazards of hospital waste.

b)(i) Define biomedical waste along with sources of these wastes (ii) Write in detail about health hazards due to such wastes-MUHS 2024-W)

c) Categories of Biomedical Waste  (MUHS 2020-W)

d) Hazards of health care waste /Health hazards of health care waste  (MUHS 2006-S, 2012-W, 2014-S, 2018-S, 2020-W)

CM 15.1 - Define and describe the concept of Mental Health.

a) Define Mental Health. Describe the characteristics of mentally healthy person. How is mental health assessed?

b) Causes of Mental Health  (MUHS 2012-W)/Enlist the causes of mental ill-health.(MUHS 2022-W)

c) Approaches for Management and Prevention of Drug Addictions  (MUHS 2018-W)

d) Characteristics  of motivated person.  (MUHS 2007-W)

e) Characteristics of mentally healthy person  (MUHS 2009-S)

f) Write type causes and prevention of mental illnesses  (MUHS 2009-W)

g) Enumerate the common causes of mental health problems. Describe the methods for assessment of mental health and protection of mentally ill-health  persons (MUHS 2001)

h) Symptoms of drug addiction /Drug addiction  (MUHS 2004-W, 2008-W, 2019-S)

i) Agent of drug dependence  (MUHS 2020-W)

j) Drug abuse  (MUHS 2018-S)

k) Prevention of drug dependence  (MUHS 2019-W)

l) Preventive measures for drug addiction  (MUHS 2021-S)

m) Secondary Prevention of Mental Illness  (MUHS 2003-S)

n) Define 'Drug Dependence'.  Describe the health hazards of tobacco use and the approaches to be adopted to prevent the same in our country  (MUHS 2001-W)

o) Tobacco Addiction

p) Enlist warning signals of poor mental health. What are the causes of mental ill health? Write on preventive and control measures against alcoholism.  (MUHS 2015-W)

CM 16.1 - Define and describe the concept of Health planning.

a) Define Health Planning. Describe the role of Niti Ayog. 

b) National Health Planning  (MUHS 2007-S)

CM 17.1 - Define and describe the concept of health care to community.

a) Universal Health Coverage.

b) Describe the approaches to health care.

c) Activities of Voluntary Health Agencies  (MUHS 2019-W)

d) Functions of voluntary health agencies  (MUHS 2012-W)

e) Role of voluntary sector in health care delivery  (MUHS 2018-S)

CM 18.1 - Define and describe the concept of International health.

a) Define International Health. Describe the concept of International Health and International Health Regulations.

b) International Health Regulations  (MUHS 2001-W)

c) Emporiatrics  (MUHS 2007-S, 2009-S)

CM 19.1 - Define and describe the concept of Essential Medicine List (EML).

a) Discuss the concept of essential medicine list. List the utility of essential medicine list.

CM 19.2 - Describe roles of essential medicine in primary health care.

a) Describe roles of essential medicine in primary health care?

CM 19.3 - Describe counterfeit medicine and its prevention.

a) Define counterfeit medicines. Describe measures to prevent and address counterfeit medicines.

CM 19.4 - Demonstrate understanding of mechanism of identifying and calculation

of requirements of various medicines and essential medicine at primary

health care

CM 20.1 - List important public health events of the last five years.

a) Mpox

b) Chandipura virus

CM 20.3 - Describe any event important to the Health of the Community.

a) Elimination of Trachoma

CM 20.4 - Demonstrate awareness about laws pertaining to practice of

medicine such as Clinical establishment Act and Human Organ Transplantation Act and its implications.

a) Human Organ Transplant Act

b) Clinical Establishment Act

Competency: Demonstrate ability to communicate to patients in a patient, respectful, non-threatening, non-judgmental and empathetic manner

1. A 50 year old man is asked to undergo colonoscopy. He has been repeatedly cancelling  his appointments for colonoscopy. He expresses fear and concerns about the procedure. Describe how you would deal such an anxious patient.

2. A woman has been waiting for her OPD consultation, now almost for 3 hours. She had left her two kids with the neighbour.  As soon as the doctor arrives in the OPD, fuming with anger, she tells the doctor that she has been waiting here for such a long time. In a raised voice she tells the doctor that he probably does not understand the special arrangements she had to make to come to the clinic. Describe the techniques to manage such a patient with anger.

3. A woman rushes her husband into the emergency room after he suddenly developed left sided weakness. Using the SPIKES model, discuss how you would communicate the diagnosis of stroke to the patient's relative.

4. A 50 year old corporate worker presented to the outpatient department with complaints of weight gain and dyspnoea on exertion. He is a chain smoker and is found to be hypertensive on examination. the patient also has a fmaily history of Ischaemic Heart Disease and Diabetes. his body mass index is 32 kg/m2. How will you counsel the worker using Kalamazoo consensus statement. (MUHS Winter 2024)

1. Explain the term 'medical ethics'. Describe the four principles of medical ethics.

2. Explain the term 'informed consent'. Discuss the purpose of taking consent. 

3. A 45 year old man has been advised to undergo angioplasty. 

Describe the different elements of informed consent.

4. A 21 year old man presents to the OPD accompanied by his wife with complaints of genital ulcer. The man travels frequently to the neighbouring state for work related matters. He has on multiple occasions visited brothels during his visits.  On examination and further laboratory investigation, the man is diagnosed with syphilis. The husband has requested the doctor not to reveal his condition to the wife. The wife asks the doctor about the diagnosis and the reasons for his condition. 

Why is it important to assure confidentiality to patients? Discuss the circumstances under which confidentiality can be breached..